What are the medical methods for termination of pregnancy?

Termination of pregnancy is an extremely personal and intimate choice. If it is to be chosen, it should be carried out safely under appropriate medical care. One of the safest and most popular at the stage of early pregnancy is the medical termination which is the use of drugs rather than surgery.

In this blog, we’ll explore what medical termination of pregnancy means, the drugs involved, how the process works, and what to expect at each step.

What is Medical Termination of Pregnancy?

Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) is a surgery to terminate a pregnancy without using any drugs. It is commonly suggested in the first trimester, i.e., up to 9 or 10 weeks of gestation. If done under the supervision of a skilled physician, it is both safe and effective.

The procedure is neither an operating nor an anesthesiology procedure and can most commonly be performed in the comfort of your own home—though it does need a doctor’s prescription, follow-up, and attention. If you’re looking into options, you might search for Medical Termination of Pregnancy near me to find a licensed provider.

When is Medical Abortion Used?

Medical procedures are best in the following situations:

• The pregnancy is under 9 weeks.
• The woman is in good physical health with no disease that would render abortion unsafe.
• The pregnancy is established to be intrauterine (and not ectopic).
• The decision is approved by a registered medical practitioner.

In the majority of countries, including India, abortion is lawful on different grounds. Self-medication is not, however, advisable. Always consult a licensed medical practitioner.

Principal Drugs Used

Medical abortion uses two principal drugs, which are ingested in a certain order:

1. Mifepristone

• This is the first pill in the sequence.
• It inhibits progesterone, the pregnancy-sustaining hormone.
• As a result, the lining of the uterus gets thinner, and the embryo gets detached from the uterine lining.

2. Misoprostol

• Following 24 to 48 hours of Mifepristone consumption.
• This medication causes the uterus to contract, leading to bleeding and cramping that result in the elimination of the pregnancy tissue.
• It can be taken orally or placed under the tongue or intravaginally, as directed by the doctor.

These medications are 95–98% effective when taken properly at the beginning of pregnancy.

What Does Happen in the Process?

Medical abortion process will be slightly different, but more or less occurs as follows:

After Mifepristone:

• The majority of women are fine, with some possible minimal spotting.
• No significant side effects typically occur at this point.

After Misoprostol:

• Bleeding and cramping begin within a few hours.
• The bleeding is heavier than a period, and clots may occur.
• Side effects such as nausea, fever, chills, and diarrhea are common but only temporary.
• The most severe bleeding will usually only happen for 4 to 6 hours, but the light bleeding may last up to 2 weeks.

Follow-up is usually needed 7 to 14 days afterward to confirm the abortion has happened.

Effectiveness and Safety

It is highly effective and safe if done early and under a medical professional’s supervision.

Effectiveness:

• 95–98% success in pregnancies up to 9 weeks.
• In case it doesn’t succeed, surgery can then be employed to terminate the abortion.

Safety:

• Low long-term risks if done properly.
• Serious complications are rare, but call a doctor immediately if you have:
  • Bleeding heavily (soaking more than two pads an hour for over 2 hours)
  • Pain in your tummy that is severe
  • High temperature over 24 hours
  • Smelly discharge

Advantages of Medical Termination

• No operation or anesthetic is required
• Can be performed in early pregnancy
• Feels more like a miscarriage
• Not an operation and usually can be done at home
• Less likelihood of physical side effects than surgery

Limitations and Downsides

• Should not be performed post 9–10 weeks of gestation
• Bleeding and cramping could be really terrible
• Follow-up or repeat procedures might be required
• Emotional experience can be challenging for some
• Should adhere to medical advice rigidly

Emotional and Mental Health Considerations

Abortion is a process both emotionally and physically. Women generally experience a mix of emotions, from relief to sadness. It’s best to have help from:

• Immediate family or close friends
• Guidance counselors or therapists
• Support groups, if necessary

Remember, you are not alone, and professional help is available if you become overwhelmed in the process.

Final Thoughts

Medical methods for termination of pregnancy is an effective, safe, and confidential method for women who wish to end a pregnancy at an early age. It shall be most effective when done with sound medical guidance and with the emotional counseling of a counselor.

If you are deciding on this option, always visit a professional gynecologist or doctor. Never trust pills on the internet or word of mouth. Your health and safety matter.